Hom hluav taws xob Tsis-ionizing hluav taws xob
Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov hluav taws xob uas tsis yog ionizing yog qhov pom lub teeb, xov tooj cua tsis, thiab microwaves (Infographic: Adriana Vargas / IAEA)
Tsis yog-ionizing hluav taws xob yog qis zog hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj zog txaus kom tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob los ntawm cov atoms lossis molecules, txawm nyob hauv cov teeb meem lossis cov kab mob nyob.Txawm li cas los xij, nws lub zog tuaj yeem ua rau cov molecules vibrate thiab ua kom sov.Qhov no yog, piv txwv li, qhov cub microwave ua haujlwm li cas.
Rau cov neeg feem coob, cov hluav taws xob tsis-ionizing tsis ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv.Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg ua haujlwm uas muaj kev sib cuag nrog qee qhov chaw ntawm cov hluav taws xob uas tsis yog-ionizing yuav xav tau kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej, piv txwv li, cov cua sov tsim tawm.
Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsis-ionizing muaj xws li xov tooj cua tsis muaj zog thiab pom lub teeb pom kev.Lub teeb pom kev yog hom hluav taws xob uas tsis yog-ionizing uas tib neeg lub qhov muag pom tau.Thiab cov xov tooj cua tsis yog ib hom hluav taws xob tsis-ionizing uas pom tsis tau rau peb lub qhov muag thiab lwm yam kev xav, tab sis qhov ntawd tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm cov xov tooj cua ib txwm muaj.
Ionizing hluav taws xob
Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov hluav taws xob ionizing suav nrog qee hom kev kho mob qog noj ntshav uas siv gamma rays, X-rays, thiab cov hluav taws xob tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hauv nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag (Infographic: Adriana Vargas / IAEA)
Ionizing hluav taws xob yog ib hom hluav taws xob ntawm lub zog uas nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob ntawm cov atom lossis cov molecules, uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm qib atomic thaum cuam tshuam nrog cov teeb meem nrog rau cov kab mob nyob.Cov kev hloov no feem ntau suav nrog kev tsim cov ions (hluav taws xob atoms lossis molecules) - yog li lo lus "ionizing" hluav taws xob.
Hauv cov koob tshuaj ntau, ionizing hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlwb lossis cov kabmob hauv peb lub cev puas tsuaj lossis ua rau tuag taus.Nyob rau hauv kev siv thiab noj kom raug thiab nrog rau kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog, hom hluav taws xob no muaj ntau yam kev siv, xws li hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob, hauv kev lag luam, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kho mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob, xws li mob qog noj ntshav.Txawm hais tias kev tswj hwm ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yog lub luag haujlwm hauv lub tebchaws, IAEA muab kev txhawb nqa rau cov neeg tsim cai lij choj thiab cov neeg tswj hwm los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb thoob ntiaj teb txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg mob nrog rau cov tswv cuab ntawm pej xeem thiab ib puag ncig los ntawm lub peev xwm. teeb meem cuam tshuam ntawm ionizing hluav taws xob.
Tsis-ionizing thiab ionizing hluav taws xob muaj qhov sib txawv wavelength, uas ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau nws lub zog.(Infographic: Adriana Vargas/IAEA).
Kev tshawb fawb tom qab radioactive decay thiab qhov tshwm sim hluav taws xob
Cov txheej txheem uas lub atom radioactive yuav ruaj khov dua los ntawm kev tso tawm thiab lub zog yog hu ua "radioactive decay".(Infographic: Adriana Vargas / IAEA)
Ionizing hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm, piv txwv li,tsis ruaj tsis khov (radioactive) atomsraws li lawv tab tom hloov mus rau hauv lub xeev ruaj khov dua thaum tso lub zog.
Feem ntau cov atoms ntawm lub ntiaj teb yog ruaj khov, feem ntau ua tsaug rau qhov sib npaug thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom (neutrons thiab protons) hauv lawv qhov chaw (lossis nucleus).Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee hom atoms tsis ruaj khov, qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov protons thiab neutrons hauv lawv cov nucleus tsis tso cai rau lawv tuav cov khoom ua ke.Cov atom tsis ruaj khov no hu ua "radioactive atoms".Thaum radioactive atoms lwj, lawv tso tawm lub zog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ionizing hluav taws xob (piv txwv li alpha hais, beta hais, gamma rays los yog neutrons), uas, thaum muaj kev ruaj ntseg harnessed thiab siv, yuav ua tau ntau yam txiaj ntsig.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-11-2022