Tsis pom hluav taws xob, pom lub luag haujlwm
Thaum 1:23 teev sawv ntxov lub Plaub Hlis 26, 1986, cov neeg nyob hauv Pripyat nyob rau sab qaum teb Ukraine tau sawv los ntawm lub suab nrov. Reactor No. 4 ntawm Chernobyl Nuclear Fais Fab Cog tau tawg, thiab 50 tons ntawm nuclear roj evaporated tam sim ntawd, tso tawm 400 npaug ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntawm Hiroshima atomic foob pob. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear thiab thawj cov neeg tua hluav taws uas tuaj txog tau raug 30,000 roentgens ntawm hluav taws xob tuag ib teev twg yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv - thiab 400 roentgens absorbed los ntawm tib neeg lub cev yog txaus ua rau tuag taus.
Qhov kev puas tsuaj no tau ncaws tawm qhov kev sib tsoo nuclear tshaj plaws hauv tib neeg keeb kwm. 28 tus neeg tua hluav taws tuag vim mob hluav taws xob mob hauv peb lub hlis tom ntej. Lawv tuag hauv qhov mob hnyav nrog cov tawv nqaij dub, qhov ncauj rwj, thiab plaub hau poob. 36 teev tom qab qhov xwm txheej, 130,000 tus neeg nyob hauv raug yuam kom khiav tawm lawv lub tsev.
25 xyoo tom qab, thaum Lub Peb Hlis 11, 2011, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Fais Fab Kev Cog Lus hauv Nyij Pooj tau yaj hauv tsunami los ntawm av qeeg. Lub 14-meter-siab nthwv dej tsoo lub ntug dej hiav txwv, thiab peb lub reactors tawg ib tom qab, thiab 180 trillion becquerels ntawm radioactive cesium 137 tam sim ntawd nchuav rau hauv dej hiav txwv Pacific. Txog rau hnub no, lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear tseem khaws ntau dua 1.2 lab cubic meters ntawm cov dej khib nyiab, dhau los ua ntaj ntawm Damocles dai rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ecology.
Kev raug mob tsis zoo
Tom qab kev sib tsoo Chernobyl, thaj tsam ntawm 2,600 square kilometers tau dhau los ua ib qho chaw cais. Cov kws tshawb fawb kwv yees tias nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau txhiab xyoo kom tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob nuclear hauv cheeb tsam, thiab qee qhov chaw tseem yuav xav tau 200,000 xyoo ntawm kev ua kom huv huv kom tau raws li tib neeg cov qauv kev nyob.
Raws li United Nations, Chernobyl xwm txheej tshwm sim:
93,000 tuag
270,000 tus neeg raug mob los ntawm cov kab mob xws li mob qog noj ntshav
155,000 square kilometers ntawm thaj av tau kis kab mob
8.4 lab tus tib neeg raug cuam tshuam los ntawm hluav taws xob
Hauv Fukushima, txawm hais tias cov tub ceev xwm tau lees tias cov hluav taws xob hauv cov dej nyob ib puag ncig tau poob mus rau "theem nyab xeeb", cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tshawb pom cov hluav taws xob isotopes xws li carbon 14, cobalt 60 thiab strontium 90 hauv cov dej khib nyiab hauv xyoo 2019. Cov tshuaj no yooj yim enriched nyob rau hauv cov kab mob marine, thiab cov concentration ntawm seabed cobalt 6. 300,000 zaug.
Invisible hem thiab pom kev tiv thaiv
Hauv cov kev puas tsuaj no, qhov kev hem thawj loj tshaj plaws los ntawm cov hluav taws xob uas pom tsis tau rau tib neeg lub qhov muag. Thaum ntxov ntawm Chernobyl kev huam yuaj, tsis muaj ib qho cuab yeej uas tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob kom raug, ua rau suav tsis txheeb cov neeg ua haujlwm cawm tau raug hluav taws xob tuag yam tsis paub txog.
Nws yog cov kev mob siab no uas tau coj mus rau kev txhim kho sai ntawm kev soj ntsuam hluav taws xob thev naus laus zis. Niaj hnub no, cov cuab yeej ntsuas hluav taws xob muaj tseeb thiab txhim khu kev qha tau dhau los ua "qhov muag" thiab "pob ntseg" ntawm kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear, tsim kom muaj kev cuam tshuam kev lag luam ntawm qhov tsis pom kev hem thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm tib neeg.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm Shanghai Renji yog los tsim ob "qhov muag" no los tiv thaiv tib neeg kev nyab xeeb. Peb paub tias:
• Txhua qhov kev ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm microsieverts yuav cawm tau txoj sia
• Txhua lub sij hawm ceeb toom tej zaum yuav zam tau kev puas tsuaj ecological
• Txhua yam khoom siv txhim khu kev qha yog tiv thaiv peb lub tsev
Los ntawmib puag ncig thiab regional radioactivity xyuas cov cuab yeej to portable hluav taws xob saib xyuas cov cuab yeej, los ntawm cov cuab yeej ntsuas ntsuas mus rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ionizing hluav taws xob, los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob mus rau hluav taws xob saib xyuas software platforms, los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrhiav kom pom cov channel mus rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thaum muaj xwm ceev thiab kev nyab xeeb saib xyuas, Renji cov khoom lag luam npog txhua yam ntawm kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb nuclear. Peb cov thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem tshawb pom cov tshuaj muaj xov tooj cua me me, ib yam li kev txheeb xyuas qhov poob ntawm cov dej txawv txav hauv lub pas dej da dej.
Kev yug dua tshiab los ntawm kev puas tsuaj: Technology tiv thaiv lub neej yav tom ntej
Hauv cheeb tsam Chernobyl cais tawm, hma tau hloov zuj zus los tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav, thiab lawv cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kab mob tau siv los tsim cov tshuaj tshiab, ua pov thawj tias kev puas tsuaj txhawb kev hloov pauv hloov pauv. Nyob rau hauv tus duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm nuclear kev puas tsuaj, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov cuab yeej technology thiab lub luag haujlwm tsis tsuas yog tsim ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub neej, tab sis kuj hloov kho lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm tib neeg kev sib raug zoo nrog hluav taws xob. Peb ntseeg tias kev siv tshuab thiab lub luag haujlwm tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov txuj ci tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv txoj sia.
Tom qab Fukushima kev huam yuaj, ib pab neeg thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim lub trans-Pacific hluav taws xob saib xyuas network. Los ntawm cov cuab yeej kuaj pom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, txoj hauv kev sib txawv ntawm cesium 134 thiab cesium 137 tau taug qab, muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev tshawb fawb hauv hiav txwv ecological. Tus ntsuj plig ntawm kev sib koom tes thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev tiv thaiv thev naus laus zis yog raws nraim tus nqi tawm tswv yim los ntawm Renji.
Shanghai Renji lub zeem muag yog qhov tseeb: los ua ib tug shaper ntawm lub tshiab ecology nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm hluav taws xob kuaj pom. "Kev pab cuam hauv zej zog nrog kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab tsim kom muaj kev nyab xeeb hluav taws xob tshiab" yog peb lub luag haujlwm.
Ua txhua yam kev siv hluav taws xob nuclear muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tswj tau, thiab ua rau txhua qhov kev pheej hmoo hluav taws xob pom tau meej meej. Peb tsis tsuas yog muab cov cuab yeej siv, tab sis kuj muab ntau yam kev daws teeb meem los ntawm kev saib xyuas mus rau kev tshuaj xyuas, kom cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau noob neej.
Sau thaum kawg
Keeb kwm nuclear kev puas tsuaj ceeb toom peb: nuclear zog zoo li rab ntaj ob sab. Tsuas yog nrog kev ntshai thiab daim ntaub thaiv kev siv tshuab tuaj yeem siv nws lub zog.
Tom ntej no mus rau lub ruins ntawm Chernobyl, ib tug tshiab hav zoov loj hlob tenaciously. Ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Fukushima, cov neeg nuv ntses pov lawv cov nuv ntses ntawm kev cia siab dua. Txhua kauj ruam uas noob neej coj tawm ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog sib cais los ntawm kev ua raws li kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab hauv thev naus laus zis.
Shanghai Renji txaus siab los ua tus saib xyuas hauv kev taug kev ntev no - tsim kom muaj txoj kab kev nyab xeeb nrog cov cuab yeej meej thiab tiv thaiv lub meej mom ntawm lub neej nrog kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua. Vim tias txhua qhov kev ntsuas milliroentgen muaj kev hwm rau lub neej; txhua qhov kev ntsiag to ntawm lub tswb yog ib qho khoom plig rau tib neeg kev txawj ntse.
Cov hluav taws xob pom tsis pom, tab sis kev tiv thaiv yog bounded!
Tsis pom hluav taws xob, pom lub luag haujlwm
Thaum 1:23 teev sawv ntxov lub Plaub Hlis 26, 1986, cov neeg nyob hauv Pripyat nyob rau sab qaum teb Ukraine tau sawv los ntawm lub suab nrov. Reactor No. 4 ntawm Chernobyl Nuclear Fais Fab Cog tau tawg, thiab 50 tons ntawm nuclear roj evaporated tam sim ntawd, tso tawm 400 npaug ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntawm Hiroshima atomic foob pob. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear thiab thawj cov neeg tua hluav taws uas tuaj txog tau raug 30,000 roentgens ntawm hluav taws xob tuag ib teev twg yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv - thiab 400 roentgens absorbed los ntawm tib neeg lub cev yog txaus ua rau tuag taus.
Qhov kev puas tsuaj no tau ncaws tawm qhov kev sib tsoo nuclear tshaj plaws hauv tib neeg keeb kwm. 28 tus neeg tua hluav taws tuag vim mob hluav taws xob mob hauv peb lub hlis tom ntej. Lawv tuag hauv qhov mob hnyav nrog cov tawv nqaij dub, qhov ncauj rwj, thiab plaub hau poob. 36 teev tom qab qhov xwm txheej, 130,000 tus neeg nyob hauv raug yuam kom khiav tawm lawv lub tsev.
25 xyoo tom qab, thaum Lub Peb Hlis 11, 2011, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Fais Fab Kev Cog Lus hauv Nyij Pooj tau yaj hauv tsunami los ntawm av qeeg. Lub 14-meter-siab nthwv dej tsoo lub ntug dej hiav txwv, thiab peb lub reactors tawg ib tom qab, thiab 180 trillion becquerels ntawm radioactive cesium 137 tam sim ntawd nchuav rau hauv dej hiav txwv Pacific. Txog rau hnub no, lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear tseem khaws ntau dua 1.2 lab cubic meters ntawm cov dej khib nyiab, dhau los ua ntaj ntawm Damocles dai rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ecology.
Kev raug mob tsis zoo
Tom qab kev sib tsoo Chernobyl, thaj tsam ntawm 2,600 square kilometers tau dhau los ua ib qho chaw cais. Cov kws tshawb fawb kwv yees tias nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau txhiab xyoo kom tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob nuclear hauv cheeb tsam, thiab qee qhov chaw tseem yuav xav tau 200,000 xyoo ntawm kev ua kom huv huv kom tau raws li tib neeg cov qauv kev nyob.
Raws li United Nations, Chernobyl xwm txheej tshwm sim:
93,000 tuag
270,000 tus neeg raug mob los ntawm cov kab mob xws li mob qog noj ntshav
155,000 square kilometers ntawm thaj av tau kis kab mob
8.4 lab tus tib neeg raug cuam tshuam los ntawm hluav taws xob
Post lub sij hawm: Jun-20-2025